Before You Collect Rainwater, Know These Important Rules

Dictionaries & Encyclopedias

 

One frequently discussed example comes from Oregon. The case involving Gary Harrington is sometimes summarized online as a person being punished simply for collecting rainwater. The circumstances were considerably more complicated. Harrington had constructed large reservoirs and dams that collected and stored substantial amounts of water. The dispute involved Oregon’s water-rights system and the use of water moving through a natural drainage area.

That distinction is important because a household  rain barrel and a large water-storage project are not necessarily treated the same way under state law. Water-rights systems can determine who is authorized to use certain water resources, particularly when a project affects streams, waterways, or established rights held by other users.

Rules also differ between states and local governments. Some jurisdictions encourage residential rainwater collection as part of water conservation and stormwater management programs. Certain communities may even provide incentives for approved  rain barrels or other collection systems. Other locations may establish requirements concerning tank capacity, placement, construction, plumbing connections, or permitted uses.

Local building and plumbing requirements can become especially important when collected rainwater is connected to a home’s indoor plumbing. A basic outdoor barrel may have relatively simple requirements, while a system designed to supply toilets, washing machines, irrigation equipment, or other fixtures may require specific plumbing components, permits, or backflow protection.

Water intended for drinking is a separate matter. Roof runoff can pick up dust, leaves, roofing materials, bird or animal waste, and other contaminants. For that reason, homeowners should not automatically assume that untreated rainwater is suitable for drinking or cooking. Potable rainwater systems generally require appropriate treatment, testing, and compliance with applicable health and plumbing requirements.

A properly maintained collection system can also help prevent common problems. Barrels should be covered securely to reduce contamination and discourage mosquitoes from using standing water as a breeding area. Screens, filters, and regular cleaning can help keep debris out of the storage container.

Overflow should receive attention as well. A rain barrel can fill quickly during a heavy storm, and excess water needs a safe place to go. An overflow outlet that directs water toward a home’s foundation, basement, driveway, or neighboring property could create drainage problems. Positioning the system carefully and directing excess water toward an appropriate drainage or landscaped area can reduce these risks.

The legal considerations become more significant when a homeowner plans to construct a large pond, dam, reservoir, or diversion system. Such projects may affect downstream water availability, drainage patterns, wetlands, wildlife, neighboring properties, or existing water rights. Depending on the location and size of the project, permits or approvals may be required before construction begins.